Autoimmune disease SLE (Systemic Lupus erythematosus) or Lupus is a disease in which the body’s immune system malfunctions, causing inflammation and abnormal symptoms in various organs of the body. This disease is more common in women of reproductive age than in men and is sometimes found in children. Patients may experience symptoms that come and go, and the symptoms vary from person to person.
What causes autoimmune disease SLE?
Under normal conditions, the immune system protects the body from various pathogens. However, in these patients, the immune system attacks its own tissues, causing chronic inflammation. The causes of autoimmune disease can be due to multiple factors combined, such as genetic predisposition, living in unsuitable environments, infections, or excessive exposure to sunlight, which can trigger the disease.
Common symptoms of autoimmune disease SLE
Most patients have symptoms caused by inflammation of various organs, such as:
- Red rash on the face or sun-exposed areas
- Joint pain and swelling from inflammation
- Hair loss
- Mouth ulcers
- Kidney inflammation
- Inflammation of the lungs or heart
- Anemia, low white blood cells, or low platelets
- Neurological symptoms causing seizures
- Non-specific symptoms such as chronic fever, fatigue, or weight loss
Diagnosis of autoimmune disease SLE
If symptoms suggestive of autoimmune disease appear, it is advisable to see a specialist for evaluation and laboratory tests, including blood tests related to the immune system (Antinuclear antibody or ANA) for accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
Treatment of autoimmune disease SLE
Specialist doctors will assess the severity of the disease and plan treatment with medications such as immunomodulatory drugs, immunosuppressants, or steroids depending on the case.
How should patients with autoimmune disease SLE take care of themselves?
Since autoimmune disease SLE is a chronic condition, patients should regularly follow up with a specialist and take medications as prescribed. They should also use sunscreen or avoid sun exposure, get enough rest, practice meditation, and avoid excessive worry or stress.
For patients planning to become pregnant, consultation with a doctor before pregnancy is recommended for the safety of both the mother and the baby.
