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打鼾 不仅在成年人中常见，甚至小孩也可能遇到这个问题。重要的是，这不仅对身体有影响，还会阻碍小孩的智力发展。儿童打鼾通常出现在学龄前阶段，即 2 岁到 8 岁，因为这是淋巴腺，特别是扁桃体和腺样体快速生长的阶段 
 
<h2>儿童打鼾的原因 </h2>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="8" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">扁桃体和腺样体肥大，尤其是经常感冒或反复感染的儿童 </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="8" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">儿童肥胖症，多余的脂肪会积聚在呼吸道颈部区域 </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="8" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">过敏性慢性鼻炎，鼻腔内膜肿胀导致呼吸道阻塞 </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="8" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="4" data-aria-level="1">脑部疾病及肌肉功能障碍，导致呼吸肌肉无力，影响呼吸系统 </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="8" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="5" data-aria-level="1">面部结构异常，如下颌小或下巴短 </li>
</ul>
  
<h2> 如何判断孩子打鼾并伴有睡眠呼吸暂停症状 </h2>
家长可以初步观察孩子的睡眠质量，判断是否存在异常 
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="10" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">打鼾频率：每周打鼾不少于 4 晚 </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="11" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">打鼾声音响亮，伴有呼吸中断声，但儿童的呼吸中断通常比成年人少 </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="11" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">打鼾伴随异常好动、白天嗜睡、学习注意力不集中等症状 </li>
</ul>
  
<h2>打鼾症状的诊断 </h2>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="12" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">病史询问，由医生进行诊断 </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="12" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">X光检查，用于观察腺样体和扁桃体的异常，以及面部结构、鼻腔等 </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="12" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="3" data-aria-level="1">睡眠测试，适用于能够配合的儿童，能获得详细准确的结果，用于评估严重程度及制定治疗方案 </li>
</ul>
   
<h2>儿童打鼾的治疗 </h2>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="13" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="1" data-aria-level="1">药物治疗，适用于症状不严重且有鼻腔狭窄或过敏问题的儿童，可先考虑药物治疗 </li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li data-leveltext="" data-font="Symbol" data-listid="13" data-list-defn-props="{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;multilevel&quot;}" data-aria-posinset="2" data-aria-level="1">手术治疗，效果明显，手术后症状改善迅速，适用于腺样体或扁桃体肥大的情况 </li>
</ul>
  
 “打鼾”会影响孩子的发展，2至8岁儿童正处于大脑快速发育阶段。如果孩子在此期间伴有打鼾和睡眠呼吸暂停，家长不应掉以轻心，应尽早带孩子就医检查和治疗，因为如果放任不管，不仅生长发育效率低下，还可能成为孩子早期慢性疾病的起点。 
&nbsp;
 
副教授 内科医生 พลพร อภิวัฒนเสวี
耳鼻喉科及睡眠呼吸暂停治疗专家
帕亚泰2医院耳鼻喉中心

打鼾不仅见于成年人，儿童尤其是幼儿也会出现。打鼾可能影响智商和情商的发育，还可能引发慢性疾病。

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打鼾的孩子……别掉以轻心！放任不管可能影响发育并引发慢性疾病

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