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<h2>What is an Insulin Pump? 
</h2>
Insulin pump is a medical device that mimics the function of the pancreas by delivering insulin into the body with two modes of operation:
<ol>
<li>Basal Insulin injection which continuously releases insulin into the body over 24 hours, functioning like the natural pancreas.</li>
<li>Bolus Insulin injection before meals which can be programmed to deliver a specific amount of insulin based on the amount of food consumed to reduce blood sugar levels and prevent high blood sugar after eating.</li>
</ol>
<h2>Components of Insulin Pump Operation 
</h2>
<ul>
<li>Insulin pump device: Portable in size, can be carried anywhere. The device gradually releases small amounts of insulin into the subcutaneous tissue through a plastic tube embedded under the skin.</li>
<li>Insulin reservoir: Available in two sizes, 1.8 ml and 3.0 ml, used with rapid-acting insulin types such as Novorapid, Humalog, or Aprida.</li>
<li>Infusion set: Includes tubing and a port attached to the patient. The device gradually releases insulin into the subcutaneous tissue through the port with an embedded plastic tube.</li>
</ul>
<h2>Benefits of Insulin Pump </h2>
1. BETTER CONTROL
<ul>
<li>Improves diabetes management efficiency by reducing average blood sugar levels (HbA1c).</li>
<li>Reduces the frequency of hypoglycemia by up to 84% compared to patients using multiple daily insulin injections.</li>
</ul>
2. BETTER PROTECTION 
Reduces the risk of long-term complications as follows:
<ul>
<li>Cardiovascular damage reduced by more than 41%</li>
<li>Diabetic neuropathy reduced by more than 60%</li>
<li>Diabetic nephropathy reduced by more than 54%</li>
<li>Diabetic retinopathy reduced by more than 63%</li>
</ul>
3. BETTER LIFE 
Reduces the number of painful injections from multiple daily injections because the insulin pump delivers insulin through a small plastic tube attached under the skin, which is safety certified. You can change it yourself every 3 days.
<h2>Advantages of Insulin Pump Compared to Injection</h2>
<table border="1" width="100%" cellspacing="3" cellpadding="3">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td width="20%">
<div style="text-align: center;">Topic</div>
</td>
<td width="40%">
 Insulin Pump
</td>
<td width="40%">
 Conventional Injection
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="20%">  Pain from Injection</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  Reduces pain from needle use by changing the device only once every 3 days.</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  Requires 2-3 injections per day (or 6-9 injections every 3 days).</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="20%">  Control of Average Blood Sugar (HbA1c)</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  Better reduction of average blood sugar (HbA1c) because insulin delivery closely mimics the pancreas.</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  More difficult to control blood sugar.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="20%">  Injection Site</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  Helps reduce Lipohypertrophy (hard lumps from fat under the skin).</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  Long-term needle injections may cause Lipohypertrophy, reducing insulin absorption.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="20%">  Convenience</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  Allows frequent insulin delivery according to meals, enabling better blood sugar control throughout the day.</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  Must carry insulin, needles, and equipment every time; may be inconvenient to find a place to inject, and forgetting to check blood sugar may cause high levels.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="20%">  Reduced Medication Amount</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  When using an insulin pump and well controlled, doctors often reduce insulin doses and stop oral medications.</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">  Patients often use both oral and injectable medications.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="20%">  Flexibility in Lifestyle</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">Can exercise without worrying about low blood sugar due to basal insulin cut-off programs during exercise. 
Eating: If carbohydrate counting is possible, the device has an automatic program to calculate the required insulin dose.</td>
<td rowspan="2" valign="top" width="40%">  If eating or behavior does not match the injected dose, hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia may occur.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" width="20%">Hypoglycemia Issues</td>
<td valign="top" width="40%">The device continuously delivers basal insulin throughout the day, helping to reduce problems and stabilize blood sugar levels.</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h2>Who is Suitable for an Insulin Pump?</h2>
<ol>
<li>Diabetics already injecting insulin, especially those who inject multiple times a day.</li>
<li>Diabetics who have not yet achieved good blood sugar control with average blood sugar (HbA1c) above target.</li>
<li>Diabetics experiencing hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia.</li>
<li>Diabetics with high blood sugar during pregnancy or planning pregnancy with previously high blood sugar.</li>
<li>Diabetics who travel frequently, especially internationally.</li>
<li>Diabetics who regularly exercise or play sports.</li>
<li>Teenage diabetics seeking convenience.</li>
<li>Diabetics committed to managing their diabetes optimally.</li>
</ol>

An insulin pump is a medical device that mimics the function of the pancreas by delivering insulin into the body.

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