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<p>Pterygium is a common eye disease in the elderly, making it an important condition that requires attention. If suspected, promptly seek examination and treatment. Do not leave it untreated as it can progress, ultimately worsening vision, which can cause problems in daily life.</p>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">What is Pterygium (Pinguecula)?</span></h2>
<p style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #000000;">Pterygium is caused by degeneration of the conjunctiva. The pterygium appears as a small, raised, white or yellowish lump on the conjunctiva, usually found more on the nasal side than the temporal side. If not properly protected, it may grow larger and form a tissue sheet extending onto the cornea. At this stage, the condition is called <span style="color: #00826a;"><strong>“pterygium”</strong></span>.</span></p>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><strong><span style="color: #00826a;">Causes and Risk Factors of Pterygium<br />
</span></strong></h2>
<p style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #000000;">The causes and risk factors of pterygium are the same as those of pinguecula. It is caused by ultraviolet light that degenerates the conjunctiva with age. It often occurs in people who work outdoors exposed to wind, sun, and dust, or those working in industries involving metal welding. Pterygium and pinguecula are more common in countries located near the equator because the sunlight is hotter and ultraviolet radiation is higher than in other parts of the world.</span></p>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">Symptoms of Pterygium</span></h2>
<ul>
<li>Initially, most cases have no symptoms but show abnormalities of the conjunctiva as described above.</li>
<li>If the pterygium becomes inflamed, symptoms include eye irritation, burning sensation, tearing, and redness at the site of the pterygium due to inflammation and dilation of blood vessels supplying the area.</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">Treatment and Prevention of Pterygium</span></h2>
<ul>
<li>Wear sunglasses and wind protection when outdoors.</li>
<li>An ophthalmologist may consider using eye drops to relieve inflammation of the pterygium.</li>
<li>Pterygium does not necessarily require surgery as it is small and does not affect vision.</li>
</ul>
<p><span style="color: #00826a;"><strong>Although pterygium is not dangerous and can be easily treated, if left untreated, it may grow onto the cornea and become a pterygium. Therefore, prompt treatment and prevention of progression according to the ophthalmologist’s advice are recommended.</strong></span></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<div style="text-align: right;"><span style="color: #00826a;"><strong>Dr. Mattaya Kwananocha</strong></span></div>
<div>
<div style="text-align: right;">Ophthalmology Specialist</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">Eye Center, Phyathai 1 Hospital</div>
</div>


Pterygium is a common eye disease in the elderly, making it an important condition that should be given attention. If suspected, seek examination and treatment promptly. Do not leave it untreated to progress, as eventually, vision will continue to deteriorate.

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Pterygium in the elderly: Treatment and prevention

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