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<p>Another condition that causes concern for pregnant mothers, because if not treated correctly and promptly, it may lead to seizures during pregnancy and other severe complications. Preeclampsia is therefore considered a critical pregnancy complication that is dangerous to both the mother and the fetus.</p>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">“Preeclampsia” is&#8230;</span></h2>
<p>Preeclampsia is a condition in which a pregnant mother has high blood pressure equal to or greater than 140/90 mmHg, along with protein or albumin in the urine and possibly swelling. In severe cases, abnormalities in liver, kidney function, and blood clotting may be found. This condition usually occurs after 20 weeks of gestation.</p>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">Main causes of “Preeclampsia”</span></h2>
<p>Studies suggest that preeclampsia results from immune system mechanisms and abnormalities in certain hormones in the body, causing abnormalities in the blood vessels supplying the placenta. This leads to some parts of the placenta being deprived of blood, causing tissue death in parts of the placenta and releasing substances that cause the blood vessels throughout the mother’s body to constrict, leading to high blood pressure and preeclampsia. However, symptoms usually disappear almost immediately after the baby and placenta are delivered.</p>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><strong><span style="color: #00826a;">7 Signs to Watch for “Preeclampsia Symptoms”</span></strong></h2>
<ul>
<li style="list-style-type: none;">
<ul>
<li>High blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or higher, detected twice at least 4 hours apart</li>
<li>Excess protein or albumin detected in urine, or other signs indicating kidney problems</li>
<li>Severe headache that does not improve with painkillers, often located at the back of the head or forehead</li>
<li>Blurred vision or unclear sight</li>
<li>Upper abdominal pain, usually under the breastbone</li>
<li>Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing due to fluid in the lungs</li>
<li>Rapid weight gain and swelling in the body, such as swelling of the face, hands, ankles, or feet</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">Pregnant Mothers “At Risk”</span></h2>
<ul>
<li style="list-style-type: none;">
<ul>
<li>Patients or direct family members with a history of preeclampsia</li>
<li>Having underlying diseases such as high blood pressure, hyperthyroidism, kidney disease, diabetes, or autoimmune disorders existing before pregnancy</li>
<li>Pregnant at an age younger than 18 years or older than 35 years</li>
<li>First pregnancy</li>
<li>Pregnancy with twins or more than two fetuses</li>
<li>Molar pregnancy</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">Here! The steps to diagnose preeclampsia</span></h2>
<p>To diagnose preeclampsia, doctors must detect high blood pressure along with at least one abnormal symptom after 20 weeks of gestation. The diagnostic methods include:</p>
<ul>
<li style="list-style-type: none;">
<ul>
<li><strong><span style="color: #00826a;">Patient history</span></strong>: Headache, blurred vision, chest tightness, swelling, or rapid weight gain</li>
<li><strong><span style="color: #00826a;">Physical examination</span></strong>: Blood pressure measurement equal to or greater than 140/90 mmHg</li>
<li><strong><span style="color: #00826a;">Blood and urine tests</span></strong>: To detect protein or albumin in urine, complete blood count to assess concentration and platelets, liver and kidney function tests, uric acid, and blood clotting to evaluate complications or disease severity</li>
<li><strong><span style="color: #00826a;">Fetal ultrasound</span></strong>: To assess fetal growth and amniotic fluid. If growth restriction and low amniotic fluid are found, it indicates severe preeclampsia</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">Complications to Watch For</span></h2>
<p>There are also complications that close relatives should watch for in pregnant mothers, such as seizures or HELLP syndrome, a severe complication that can be life-threatening to both mother and fetus. Other complications include fetal growth restriction, preterm birth, placental abruption, and damage to organs such as the eyes, liver, kidneys, lungs, or heart. These may cause stroke depending on the severity of preeclampsia.</p>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">Treatment of “Preeclampsia”</span></h2>
<p>Preeclampsia varies in severity. The definitive treatment is to end the pregnancy because symptoms gradually resolve after delivery. However, many factors must be considered before delivery, such as symptom severity and gestational age. If immediate delivery is not possible, close monitoring and symptom management are required until it is safe to deliver. If the pregnancy is at 37 weeks or more, doctors will recommend inducing labor or cesarean section to prevent worsening symptoms and reduce the risk of other dangerous complications to both mother and fetus.</p>
<h2 style="color: #008080;"><span style="color: #00826a;">Learn to “Prevent” from Expert Advice</span></h2>
<p>Regular prenatal care and attending scheduled doctor visits help detect abnormalities early and allow timely treatment, especially for high-risk pregnant mothers. Getting enough rest, exercising regularly, drinking 8 or more glasses of water daily, and avoiding very salty or high-sodium foods are recommended. Taking aspirin as prescribed by a doctor can help prevent preeclampsia in high-risk groups. Supplementing with calcium, vitamin C, and vitamin E during pregnancy can also be beneficial.</p>
<p align="right">
<p align="right"><span style="color: #00826a;"><strong>Dr. Paweena Butrdeewong </strong></span><br />
Obstetrics and Gynecology Specialist<br />
Women’s Health Center, Phyathai Nawamin Hospital</p>


A dangerous condition that, if not treated properly and promptly, can cause seizures during pregnancy and other severe complications that adversely affect both the pregnant mother and the baby in the womb.

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“Preeclampsia” Life-threatening risk for both mother and fetus

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