“Diabetic Wounds” are common complications found in patients who do not adequately control their condition, especially chronic wounds on the feet. This is because the nervous and vascular systems of diabetic patients malfunction, causing numbness or loss of sensation at the fingertips and toes. When an injury occurs causing a wound, and blood circulation to the wound area is insufficient, the wound heals slowly or becomes chronic. If not treated promptly, the wound may worsen severely, potentially leading to the loss of toes, feet, or even requiring amputation.
How to Properly Care for Diabetic Wounds
Besides keeping blood sugar levels within normal limits, diabetic patients must also be careful to avoid any wounds because wounds heal slowly and are prone to infection. However, if a wound does occur, patients can care for diabetic wounds themselves as follows:
- Cleanliness
Gently clean the wound 2-4 times a day using soap, warm water, or saline solution. After washing, always dry the wound thoroughly. Importantly, do not use alcohol for cleaning as it destroys proteins in the tissue, which is harmful to the wound.
- Wound Dressing
After cleaning and drying the wound completely, apply an antiseptic that targets the cause of slow healing. Dress the wound securely and be careful to keep the wound dry at all times.
- Regular Observation
Constantly monitor the wound. If abnormalities such as pain, swelling, or pus discharge occur, especially if the wound has pus, take extra care as it is highly prone to infection. It is better to see a doctor promptly.
- Pressure Ulcer Care
Pressure ulcers cause tissue death and are easily infected, so they require special attention. Do not allow the wound to be under pressure for more than 2 hours. Clean the pressure ulcer with antiseptic or normal saline, then cover the dry wound with a sterile dressing only.
Prevention… To Avoid Chronic Wounds
Not all diabetic patients will develop “chronic wounds” if they take good care of their “feet” and try to avoid any injuries. Chronic wounds will not occur if proper care is taken. What diabetic patients should do includes:
- Inspect feet daily for any abnormalities such as swelling, redness, rashes, blisters, white scaling between toes, corns, and nail discoloration.
- Clean feet daily and dry thoroughly every time.
- Apply lotion or petroleum jelly to keep feet moisturized, preventing dryness, peeling, and itching.
- Regularly trim toenails carefully, avoiding nails that are too long or cut too short.
- Wear clean socks that are not too tight to maintain moisture and reduce friction.
- Choose hygienic shoes that fit well and are comfortable to wear.
- Exercise feet to improve blood circulation to the feet.
“Chronic diabetic wounds” are conditions that require close monitoring and proper care to prevent the wound from worsening and becoming difficult to treat. If a wound or any abnormalities are found, patients should promptly see a specialist for correct and timely treatment.
Prevent well… Care properly and “chronic wounds” will not occur
Or if they do occur… they can heal with proper treatment
Dr. Sitthipol Chinpong
Specialist in Diabetes, Thyroid, and Endocrinology
Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, Phyathai Nawamin Hospital
