การตรวจการไหลเวียนเลือดของหลอดเลือดแดงในสมอง (TCD)

What is Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD)? TCD (Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound) is an examination of blood flow in the arteries located beneath the base of the brain inside the skull using high-frequency waves to assess the quality of blood circulation, measure flow velocity, observe the direction and pattern of blood flow. It is commonly used to detect abnormalities in cerebral blood vessels, including monitoring or following up on small blood clots that may travel to the brain vessels in at-risk individuals or patients with ischemic stroke from various causes. TCD examination can quickly identify the location of cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion.
Who should undergo Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD)? The following individuals should undergo TCD examination:
<ul>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Those at risk of ischemic stroke</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Those with high blood pressure, high blood lipids, or obesity&nbsp;</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Those with diabetes, as they often develop atherosclerosis throughout the body&nbsp;</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Heavy smokers or regular alcohol drinkers</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Those who do not exercise regularly</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Those with subarachnoid hemorrhage to monitor cerebral vasospasm</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Patients with acute ischemic stroke who have received thrombolytic therapy</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Those with brain death due to brain infection</li>
</ul>
Procedure for Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD)&nbsp; The patient will lie on their back on a bed with a pillow. The doctor will apply a thin layer of gel on the temples, eyelids, and back of the head. Then, the probe will be gently pressed on the examination areas. The probe emits low-frequency sound waves at 2 megahertz through the skull to the cerebral arteries. The sound waves reflect off red blood cells and return to the computer system, which processes the data into images and graphs. This is a safe, painless procedure that takes about 30-60 minutes. After the examination, the patient can resume normal daily activities.
Preparation before Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD)
<ul>
<li style="" aria-level="1">The examination can be done without fasting or stopping any medications&nbsp;</li>
</ul>
Interpretation and evaluation of Transcranial Doppler Ultrasound (TCD) results The doctor will evaluate the results from the images and graphs, which can indicate risks and the presence of various conditions such as:
<ul>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Cerebral artery stenosis or occlusion</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Quality and pattern of cerebral blood flow, especially collateral blood flow compensating for ischemic areas after artery stenosis</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Vasospasm in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Increased intracranial pressure</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Small blood clots from the heart traveling to cerebral vessels or fatty plaques dislodged from carotid arteries</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Congenital heart wall abnormalities or heart wall defects</li>
<li style="" aria-level="1">Dilation or constriction of cerebral arteries in response to changes in blood carbon dioxide levels</li>
</ul>

Patients or individuals at risk of ischemic stroke and diabetes should have their cerebral artery blood flow examined using high-frequency ultrasound (TCD) because it reveals the quality of circulation, speed, direction, and flow patterns to detect any abnormalities.

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Transcranial Doppler (TCD) Ultrasound for Cerebral Artery Blood Flow Examination

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