Cervical Cancer Women Should Know, but Don't Worry

Hello to all the ladies reading this article! Today, we’re discussing something every woman should be aware of but might be hesitant to ask about—**cervical cancer**. This condition is quite common among Thai women, but don’t be alarmed. We’re here to share tips on how to prevent the risk of developing cervical cancer.
 
What is Cervical Cancer?
Cervical cancer is a disease caused by changes in the cells of the cervix. The primary cause is an infection by the human papillomavirus (HPV), which can be transmitted through sexual intercourse or contact with infected skin. However, don’t be alarmed, as cervical cancer can be prevented and treated with regular annual screenings.
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According to the National Cancer Registry data presented at the 15th National Cancer Conference in 2023, cervical cancer is the 5th most common cancer among Thai women. In its early stages, cervical cancer often shows no symptoms or only mild symptoms, such as unusual discharge, blood-stained discharge, or abnormal vaginal bleeding, such as spotting or bleeding after sexual intercourse. Therefore, if you experience any symptoms or warning signs that could be related to cervical cancer, it’s important to consult a doctor promptly for diagnosis and treatment to prevent it from advancing.
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What Causes Cervical Cancer?
Currently, the primary cause of cervical cancer is infection by a virus known as Human Papillomavirus (HPV). This virus can be transmitted through sexual contact, including oral, vaginal, or anal sex, as well as through skin-to-skin contact with an infected person.
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There are over 100 strains of HPV, which are categorized into two groups: high-risk strains and low-risk strains. High-risk HPV types such as HPV 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, and 58. Low-risk HPV types such as types 6 and 11, are less likely to cause cervical cancer but can lead to other conditions like genital warts.
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Symptoms of Cervical Cancer
Cervical cancer can often be detected at a precancerous stage before it develops into full-blown cancer. In most cases, there are no symptoms during the early stages. It is typically detected through regular cervical cancer screening. Therefore, **women of reproductive age should undergo regular and consistent cervical cancer screening** without waiting for symptoms to appear.
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Cervical cancer may present with the following symptoms
In its early stages, cervical cancer often does not show any symptoms, which is why regular screening every year is crucial. Symptoms that you might notice include:
<ul>
<li>Bleeding from the vagina after sexual intercourse</li>
<li>Abnormal vaginal bleeding outside of your menstrual period</li>
<li>Vaginal bleeding after menopause (post-menopausal bleeding)</li>
<li>Abnormal discharge, such as a strong odor or unusual volume</li>
<li>Lower abdominal or pelvic pain</li>
<li>Pain during sexual intercourse</li>
</ul>
If you experience any of these symptoms, do not ignore them. Seek medical advice and undergo an initial screening with a healthcare provider.
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Can Cervical Cancer Be Prevented?
Cervical cancer is caused by an infection with the HPV virus. Therefore, preventing HPV infection is key to preventing cervical cancer. Here are the strategies for preventing cervical cancer:
<ol>
<li>Get the HPV Vaccine: Receiving the HPV vaccine during adolescence can significantly reduce the risk of cervical cancer. The vaccine is most effective when given to individuals who have not yet had sexual intercourse. If sexual activity has already occurred, the vaccine is most effective when administered before HPV infection is detected.</li>
<li>Regular Pap Smear Screening: Undergo regular Pap smear screenings as recommended by your doctor to detect early changes in cervical cells.</li>
<li>Use Condoms: Use condoms consistently during sexual activity to help protect against HPV infection (which can reduce risk by about 70%) and other sexually transmitted infections.</li>
</ol>
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Treating Cervical Cancer
Appropriate and timely treatment can lead to a complete cure. Therefore, do not be afraid to see a doctor, as early treatment is more likely to result in a cure.
<ul>
<li>In the Early Stage: Treatment usually involves surgery.</li>
<li>In the Advanced Stage: Treatment typically combines radiation therapy with chemotherapy.</li>
</ul>
Ladies, don’t be afraid to get the HPV vaccine and undergo cervical cancer screenings. Regular screenings can detect the disease early, allowing for timely treatment before it progresses, and can effectively prevent cervical cancer.
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Also, it’s not just women who should get the HPV vaccine—men can benefit as well. HPV can be transmitted through sexual contact, and the vaccine helps prevent infections and reduces the risk of HPV-related cancers, such as penile cancer, anal cancer, and oral and throat cancers.
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Getting the HPV vaccine not only protects yourself but also helps reduce the spread of the virus. Don’t wait—get vaccinated and screened today for your health and the health of those you love.

Cervical cancer, caused primarily by HPV infection, is common among Thai women but can be prevented through regular screenings and the HPV vaccine. Early symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, discharge, or pain, though it often presents no symptoms initially. Preventive measures include the HPV vaccine, regular Pap smear screenings, and condom use. Early detection through regular checkups allows for timely treatment and better outcomes. Both women and men should consider the HPV vaccine to reduce the risk of related cancers.

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Cervical Cancer What Women Should Know and How to Prevent It

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