When people experience upper abdominal discomfort or a burning sensation near the epigastric area, they often assume it’s just a “gastric ulcer” or “indigestion.” However, these symptoms are not always caused by a simple stomach issue. They could also indicate abnormalities in the stomach or esophagus or even a more serious condition like gastric (stomach) cancer.
The only reliable way to know for sure is to see a doctor for a thorough medical examination, which increases the chances of receiving appropriate and timely treatment.
How Can You Tell If It’s Gastric Cancer?
In its early stages, gastric cancer often shows few or no severe symptoms. If symptoms do appear, they are usually like common stomach issues, making early detection difficult.
That’s why patients experiencing these signs should undergo an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to confirm the diagnosis.
If the cancer has progressed to a more advanced stage, symptoms may include:
- Chronic vomiting
- Vomiting blood or black-colored vomit
- Black-colored stool
- Anemia
- Fatigue
- Sudden weight loss
- Loss of appetite
At this late stage, the chance of complete recovery drops to just 4%. Early diagnosis and treatment are therefore critical.
Helicobacter pylori— A Dangerous Bacteria Linked to Stomach Cancer
Stomach cancer ranks as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. One major risk factor is infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which can increase the risk of developing stomach cancer by up to 13 times.
Who Is at Risk of Stomach Cancer?
You may be at higher risk if:
- You’re over 50 years old and experience chronic symptoms that don’t improve or recur even after treatment
- You have persistent vomiting, especially if it involves blood or dark-colored content
- You experience difficulty swallowing, frequent fatigue, fever, anemia, black stool, weight loss, or loss of appetite
- You have a family history of gastric cancer
- You regularly take medications that increase ulcer risk, such as blood thinners (aspirin) or anti-inflammatory painkillers over long periods
