Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy

Phyathai Phaholyothin

4 Min

11/09/2024

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Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy

When you hear HBO, don’t just think of the movie channel. In the health field, HBO refers to another treatment option that helps alleviate illnesses, offering effective and satisfying results. However, many people may not be familiar with this medical technology. Let’s clear up the confusion and explain how this therapy works.

 

The principles of HBO therapy

Normally, our bodies can only carry a limited amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in red blood cells. However, by increasing atmospheric pressure, oxygen dissolves more into the bloodstream, particularly in the plasma, allowing our bodies to deliver more oxygen to tissues. This enhances the body’s ability to repair itself, promote wound healing, and stimulate the formation of new capillaries, making the oxygen supply sufficient for various uses.

In medical terms, HBO (Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy) refers to oxygen therapy administered under high pressure, which is safe and delivers more rapid results. This treatment increases the oxygen level in cells up to 100% at a pressure of 1.3 atmospheres (ata), enhancing cellular activity and efficiency. As one doctor explained, “The HBO machine works by putting the patient in a pressurized environment, similar to being underwater, with the depth adjusted based on the patient’s condition. In Thailand, there are two types of machines available. The one used at Paolo Hospital delivers 100% oxygen at various depths, meeting treatment standards for a wide range of conditions.”

Additionally, HBO therapy can slow down bodily deterioration. Patients receive much higher levels of oxygen than usual, aiding in the treatment of various diseases. This therapy is often combined with other treatments to enhance recovery.

 

Conditions treated with pure oxygen therapy

  • Accelerates recovery of brain and nerve function in certain conditions
  • Treats chronic wounds from diabetes and radiation burns, speeding up healing
  • Helps circulation to ischemic tissues
  • Reduces organ swelling
  • Treats injuries from atmospheric pressure changes, such as decompression sickness from diving

Due to its simple and safe operation, HBO therapy is used to treat a variety of conditions, especially decompression sickness. The doctor explained that decompression sickness occurs when divers resurface too quickly, causing nitrogen bubbles to expand and block blood vessels, potentially leading to unconsciousness or heart failure. HBO can also treat sudden hearing loss, chronic wounds from diabetes, bone infections, and post-surgical wounds.

 

Preparing for HBO therapy

Preparation is crucial for safety, as oxygen is flammable. Patients are advised to avoid perfumes, gels, or cosmetics containing alcohol, and to use saline instead of alcohol for wound care. Electronics like TVs can be used during therapy, but reading materials are discouraged due to flammable ink. Every HBO session is overseen by a multidisciplinary team, including doctors, nurses, and trained technicians.

 

Benefits of HBO therapy

In addition to its medical benefits, HBO therapy offers aesthetic perks, such as clearer skin and reduced inflammation. It has also been used by athletes to reduce muscle inflammation, and it helps people with sleep difficulties feel more refreshed. The increased oxygen helps cells function more efficiently, reducing inflammation and improving overall recovery.

 

Main benefits of HBO therapy

  1. Reduces limb loss or disability: HBO therapy can help chronic wounds heal faster, reducing treatment time and costs.
  2. Stimulates the nervous system: Higher oxygen levels can improve brain function and stimulate nerves throughout the body.
  3. Promotes collagen and capillary growth: Pure oxygen encourages the production of new collagen and capillaries, aiding wound healing.

 

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: How long is the treatment?

A: The number of sessions depends on the condition being treated, ranging from 10-20 sessions, each lasting 1-2 hours.

Q: Are there any contraindications?

A: Patients must be screened for conditions like claustrophobia or lung problems before starting HBO therapy.

Q: Are there side effects?

A: Side effects are rare but can include oxygen toxicity if levels are too high, potentially causing seizures. However, a specialized team closely monitors patients to prevent this.

Q: Can HBO improve aesthetics?

A: Yes, HBO can reduce post-surgical swelling and improve skin health, but it is considered a temporary benefit.


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