โรคไข้สมองอักเสบ..เสี่ยงตาย พิการ แต่ป้องกันได้ด้วยวัคซีน

<img decoding="async" style="width: 100%;" src="https://pyt-storage.sgp1.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/photo_from_old_pyt/forms/f345a0d90812dee3817dfbb6c21c749c.jpg" alt="Encephalitis" />
Encephalitis is a difficult-to-treat disease&#8230; and once infected, it has a high mortality rate. Survivors often have disabilities or brain abnormalities. The morbidity and mortality rate is between 20-30%, with about 2 out of 3 survivors having residual disabilities. It is also the most important cause of encephalitis in Asia, with approximately 30,000-50,000 cases reported annually. Encephalitis is widespread throughout Asia but can now be controlled.
<h2 style=" color: #008080;">Understanding.. Encephalitis</h2>
Encephalitis is caused by viral or bacterial infections in the brain. In Thailand, it is mostly caused by viruses, leading to inflammation of the brain tissue either generally or locally. Since the brain tissue is adjacent to the meninges, inflammation of the meninges may also occur along with brain inflammation. Encephalitis can affect both children and adults.
<h2 style=" color: #008080;">Where are the sources of encephalitis infection?</h2>
Animals infected with the disease along with mosquitoes that act as vectors of encephalitis virus are commonly found in areas where animals are raised, especially in places with large pig farms such as rural and suburban areas. Cases are most common during the rainy season from June to August but can occur sporadically throughout the year.
<h2 style=" color: #008080;">How is encephalitis transmitted?</h2>
Viral encephalitis is transmitted among animals, including mammals, birds such as various types of birds, and reptiles, both wild and domestic. Domestic animals commonly infected with the virus include pigs, cattle, buffalo, and sheep. In Thailand, piglets are the most important source of virus transmission. The virus multiplies in these animals, with mosquitoes found around homes and fields acting as vectors. When mosquitoes bite, the virus in the animal&#8217;s blood multiplies inside the mosquito, which can then fly several kilometers to feed in different locations. When the mosquito bites a person, it transmits the virus, which may cause no symptoms or illness in some, but others may develop encephalitis.
<h2 style=" color: #008080;">Warning signs.. risk of “Encephalitis”</h2>
Moderate high fever, severe headache, dizziness, frequent nausea and vomiting. Later, the fever remains high continuously, even with antipyretics, and symptoms of drowsiness worsen until unconsciousness. There may be stiffness or convulsions, or paralysis of the limbs.
<h2 style=" color: #008080;">Treatment guidelines for “Encephalitis”</h2>
Currently, there is no specific medication. Treatment is symptomatic, including reducing brain swelling, managing the respiratory system, administering anticonvulsants, and controlling brain pressure and blood pressure.
<h2 style=" color: #008080;">Encephalitis can be prevented</h2>
Prevention can be done in several ways, such as avoiding mosquito bites, relocating pig or animal pens away from homes, or eliminating mosquito breeding sites in fields. However, these measures are easier said than done. The best method currently is vaccination.
The new live-attenuated encephalitis vaccine has been studied in both children and adults and found to be safe and effective in all age groups. In adults aged 18 and over, a single dose of the new live-attenuated encephalitis vaccine can provide immunity equivalent to three doses of the inactivated vaccine. Generally, immunity develops to a protective level 14 days after vaccination. For children aged 9 months and older, immunity reaches a protective level within 28 days after one dose. For long-term protection, a booster dose is recommended 1-2 years after the first dose.
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For more information, please contact the Internal Medicine Center and Vaccine Center, 1st Floor, Building A&nbsp;
Phyathai 2 Hospital Tel. 02-617-2444 ext. 4104, 4106 Phyathai Call Center 1772

Meningitis is a serious disease caused by bacteria that cause inflammation of the meninges. It is an infection of the fluid surrounding the brain and spinal cord and can also cause bloodstream infections. This disease occurs in...

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Encephalitis.. Risk of death and disability but preventable with vaccines

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