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Congenital heart disease can occur in many forms, ranging from mild types such as an atrial septal defect to severe abnormalities such as abnormal blood vessels exiting the heart, a very small left or right ventricle combined with severely narrowed or very small blood vessels exiting the heart, which cannot pump enough blood to supply the body, posing a risk of death during pregnancy, etc.
<h2>Why should fetal heart disease be screened by ultrasound?</h2>
A fetus with congenital heart disease will not show external symptoms to the mother or the attending physician because the baby receives nutrients and oxygen from the mother&#8217;s placenta. It can only be detected by ultrasound or echocardiogram. The appropriate gestational age for fetal heart disease screening by echocardiogram is between 18 &#8211; 23 weeks of pregnancy.
<h2 style=" color: #008080;">What are the benefits of fetal heart analysis?</h2>
<ol>
<ol>
<li style="">To know whether the fetus has congenital heart disease and how severe it is.</li>
<li style="">Parents understand their child&#8217;s condition and have time to prepare for care after birth, whether surgery is needed or not.</li>
<li style="">To plan treatment both during pregnancy and after birth.</li>
<li style="">Care during pregnancy and delivery methods.</li>
<li style="">If surgery is required, how many surgeries, the risks of surgery, and quality of life after surgery.</li>
<li style="">Additionally, it provides important supplementary information for the obstetrician to be aware of other possible abnormalities, including chromosomal abnormalities.</li>
</ol>
</ol>
<h2 style=" color: #008080;">What are the possible causes of congenital heart disease?</h2>
<ol>
<ol>
<li style="">Unknown causes in most cases, approximately 90%.</li>
<li style="">Genetic or chromosomal abnormalities, such as chromosome 21 causing Down syndrome along with congenital heart disease.</li>
<li style="">Mother has underlying diseases or poor disease control, such as diabetes, autoimmune diseases (connective tissue disease or autoimmune disease), hypertension, etc.</li>
<li style="">Mother has infections during pregnancy, especially within the first 3 months, such as rubella virus infection.</li>
<li style="">Mother exposed to X-ray radiation during the first 3 months of pregnancy.</li>
<li style="">Mother takes certain medications, such as acne treatments, anticonvulsants like carbamazepine, diphenylhydantoin, or valproate, amphetamines, illicit drugs, antidepressants (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors), and NSAIDs, etc.</li>
<li style="">Fetus conceived through Assisted Reproduction Technology or history of previous miscarriages.</li>
<li style="">Mother has congenital heart disease or has a child or family member with congenital heart disease, increasing the risk for the fetus.</li>
<li style="">Mother is of advanced maternal age, such as over 35 years old during pregnancy.</li>
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</ol>
<h2 style=" color: #008080;">Recommendations when fetal congenital heart disease is detected during pregnancy</h2>
<ol>
<ol>
<li style="">Consult with a doctor to clearly understand the type and severity of the heart defect, potential problems during pregnancy and after birth, to plan treatment before birth, delivery method, and postnatal care for optimal, timely, and safe outcomes.</li>
<li style="">If severe heart disease is detected, it may pose risks to the fetus during pregnancy and after birth. The doctor will advise on care during pregnancy, delivery planning, and appropriate postnatal care in collaboration with a medical team such as pediatric cardiologists, neonatologists, and surgeons to ensure a smooth pregnancy, delivery, and effective postnatal treatment.</li>
<li style="">The mother should maintain good physical and mental health to prepare for delivery and family readiness.</li>
<li style="">Importantly, this information also helps obstetricians be cautious of other possible abnormalities, including chromosomal and other organ defects.</li>
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</ol>
<a href="../../../doctor_detail/53685/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0_%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B9%8C">[base64_img]</a>
<a href="../../../doctor_detail/53685/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0_%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B9%8C">Dr. Watchara Jamjureerak</a>
Pediatric Cardiologist Phyathai 2 Hospital &nbsp;Tel. 02-617-2444 ext. 3219-3220

Congenital heart disease is one of the common diseases and is a major cause of death in children both during pregnancy and after birth. Surveys have found that the incidence of congenital heart disease in newborns is as high as 8:1,000.

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Fetal heart disease screening during pregnancy... how important is it?

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