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If it were you, what would you do if your annual health check-up showed that you have a “lung lesion”? Most patients and their relatives tend to worry immediately that “it will definitely lead to a serious disease.” In reality, there is a possibility that a “lung lesion” seen on an X-ray could lead to a serious disease, but at the same time, it might not be a disease at all. To help us prepare mentally and handle the X-ray results better, today we will clarify whether lung lesions are truly dangerous or not.
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<h4>Lung lesion X-ray images are not the final answer 
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First, we need to understand that “X-ray images” are only rough representations that do not show all the detailed information clearly. They are just “sketches” of what is inside the lungs. When we see lung lesions, spots, scars, or foreign objects on the lungs, sometimes these might just be images of abnormal blood vessels, abnormal bone growths, or misplaced polyps, which are not causes of serious diseases. Therefore, seeing abnormal X-ray images does not always mean a serious disease. The X-ray images must be further diagnosed. Initially, this can be done by comparing old and new X-ray films to see if there are any changes. If the old film already showed lesions, spots, or abnormalities from common lung diseases and the new X-rays remain the same, it means there is no new abnormality. However, if the new X-ray shows abnormalities that were not present before, such as new lesions, spots, or lumps, this indicates a real abnormality that needs further diagnosis to determine what disease it might lead to.
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<h4>What diseases can lung lesions indicate when found on X-rays? 
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Generally, if a “lung lesion” is caused by a disease and not by anatomical variation, the severity depends on the size and shape of the lesion. In harmless cases, it might just be a small scar, an old calcified spot, or a scar from a previous injury. In the worst cases, it could be malignant tissue or lung cancer. Abnormal lung lesion X-ray images may indicate the following diseases:
<ul>
<li>Scar tissue 
Most commonly found, caused by previous inflammation or lung infection. After healing, scar tissue remains in the lungs, and the X-ray will always show lung lesions throughout life. Small scars are harmless.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Tuberculosis 
The second most common cause after scar tissue. It is a common disease in our country, contagious but curable with medication.</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>Cancer 
The most serious disease indicated by lung lesion X-rays, often found in smokers or elderly patients.</li>
</ul>
When diagnosing diseases after lung lesions are found on X-rays, if the lesions or spots are few, doctors may consider monitoring and follow-up with repeat X-rays every 3 to 6 months. However, if the X-ray shows significant abnormalities, further detailed examinations such as CT scans will be conducted to get clearer images for accurate diagnosis and to plan appropriate treatment for each disease.
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<h4>How to take care of yourself when lung lesions are found? 
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Although “lung lesions” do not always mean “serious diseases,” having lung lesions is a risk factor that could lead to dangerous diseases. Many lung diseases do not show obvious symptoms early on. Most patients who find lung lesions have no prior symptoms. Therefore, the best prevention method is “regular annual lung health check-ups”, with at least one chest X-ray per year to detect any lesions or abnormalities that could lead to serious diseases early for timely treatment. Additionally, maintaining lung health can be done by avoiding pollution, wearing masks to protect against dust, exercising to strengthen the lungs, and regularly breathing fresh air, which helps keep the lungs and overall health strong.
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“Lung lesions may not always be serious diseases 
Diagnose with understanding and awareness 
For peace of mind and prevention 
of severe respiratory diseases”
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Dr. Wichai Boonsrangsuk 
Specialist in Respiratory Diseases 
Lung Health Center 
Phyathai 3 Hospital
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Finding a lesion in the lung does not always mean cancer, but it can be a warning sign of some diseases. Is it dangerous or not? The doctor has the answers.

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