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<h3 style="display: none;">Coronary Angiography&#8230; An Option to Check the Fitness of Coronary Arteries</h3>
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<div><span style="color: #00826a;"><strong>Coronary angiography</strong></span> is a method to locate the blockage in the heart’s blood vessels. Doctors can see the abnormal location and provide timely treatment because heart disease cannot be delayed. Coronary angiography is like a trump card for cardiologists because once the focus of the problem is found, the treatment approach is no longer difficult.</div>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">What contrast dye is used in coronary angiography?<strong><br />
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<p>The dye here refers to a clear solution that is radiopaque and contains iodine, which is abundant in seafood. Therefore, patients allergic to seafood may also be allergic to the dye and must inform the doctor if they have a seafood allergy. Normally, blood vessels are not visible on X-rays, but when the radiopaque dye is injected, the blood vessels or heart chambers become visible on the X-ray.</p>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">What is coronary angiography?<strong><br />
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<p>It means inserting a small catheter, about 2 mm in diameter, into an artery starting at the wrist or groin (the groin is most commonly used because it is more convenient and less painful) until reaching the opening of the coronary artery. The doctor injects the radiopaque dye and observes the condition of the heart muscle and valve function.</p>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">When is coronary angiography performed and how necessary is it?</span><strong><span style="color: #00826a;"><br />
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<p>If you have chest pain, the doctor will take your history and perform a physical exam. If coronary artery blockage is suspected, the doctor will recommend coronary angiography because coronary artery disease causes heart muscle ischemia, which risks heart attack and eventual death.</p>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">Benefits of coronary angiography</span></h4>
<ol>
<li>To diagnose coronary artery disease and assess the function of the heart muscle and valves.</li>
<li>For treatment, if coronary artery blockage is found, it can be treated by balloon angioplasty during the same procedure.</li>
</ol>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">Preparation steps before coronary angiography</span><strong><span style="color: #00826a;"><br />
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<p>The doctor will ask about drug allergies, seafood allergies, underlying diseases, and medications, especially blood thinners, which must be reported to the doctor and brought for review. A general physical exam will be done. The patient and relatives will listen to explanations from the doctor and staff and sign consent forms. The night before the procedure, the doctor will order fasting for at least 6–8 hours before the test. IV fluids will be given. The skin will be cleaned and hair shaved at the catheter insertion site.</p>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">Procedure in the examination room</span><strong><span style="color: #00826a;"><br />
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<p>The doctor will inject local anesthesia at the catheter insertion site, usually the groin (wrist is also possible). Antiseptic ointment is applied, and a small hole is made to insert the catheter through the artery to the opening of the coronary artery. The doctor will inject the radiopaque dye and take X-rays from various angles. If a blockage is found, balloon angioplasty can be performed immediately. The patient, relatives, and doctor must have discussed and planned this in advance. On the day of the procedure, a relative who can make decisions should accompany the patient. During the procedure, the patient remains conscious and can communicate with the doctor.</p>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">How long does it take?</span><strong><span style="color: #00826a;"><br />
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<p>The coronary angiography procedure takes 20–30 minutes, but if balloon angioplasty is needed to widen the coronary artery, it takes about 45 minutes to 1 hour.</p>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">Is coronary angiography dangerous?<strong><br />
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<p>Complications are very rare, about 0.01%. Possible symptoms include bleeding, infection, and arrhythmia.</p>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">Post-coronary angiography care</span><strong><br />
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<p>Patients must stay in the hospital for at least 1-2 nights. During hospitalization, follow the doctor’s instructions as follows:</p>
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<ol>
<li>Lie flat on the bed and do not get up, not even to go to the bathroom! Do not bend the leg or arm on the side of the procedure for 6–12 hours or as advised by the doctor.</li>
<li>Most doctors will allow walking the next day, and if there are no abnormal symptoms, discharge will be permitted.</li>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">Care instructions after returning home</span></h4>
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<ul>
<li>Keep the wound dry and clean.</li>
<li>Exercise by walking.</li>
<li>Avoid foods high in saturated fat, such as stewed pork leg rice, stir-fried, and fried foods.</li>
<li>Take medications as prescribed by the doctor.</li>
<li>Attend follow-up appointments.</li>
<li>If you experience chest tightness, see a doctor immediately.</li>
</ul>
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<h4><span style="color: #00826a;">Prevention of coronary artery disease</span></h4>
<div>Behavioral changes are necessary to reduce risk factors, such as:</div>
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<ul>
<li class="paragraph">
<div>Avoid foods high in saturated fat, such as stewed pork leg rice, stir-fried, and fried foods.</div>
</li>
<li class="paragraph">
<div>Exercise regularly.</div>
</li>
<li class="paragraph">Avoid stress.</li>
<li class="paragraph">Quit smoking.</li>
<li class="paragraph">Lose weight.</li>
<li class="paragraph">Rest and relax.</li>
</ul>
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<div style="text-align: right;"><span style="color: #00826a;"><strong>Dr. Jeerasak Sirithanyanont</strong></span></div>
<div style="text-align: right;">Cardiologist and Head</div>
<div style="text-align: right;">Heart Center, Phyathai 3 Hospital</div>

Patients presenting with chest pain will undergo coronary angiography to diagnose coronary artery disease, assess the function of the heart muscle and heart valves, and if there is any blockage, the coronary arteries will be expanded using balloon angioplasty.

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Coronary angiography... one option to check the fitness of the coronary arteries

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