Acute sharp pain in the facial area, similar to electric shocks on the face in intervals, may be a warning sign caused by abnormalities of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V). If it occurs continuously, it can significantly affect daily life because every day we need to eat, smile, laugh, or touch our face, all of which involve facial movements. Therefore, if these symptoms are left untreated… they may cause long-term harm!
Facial pain… a warning sign of abnormal conditions!
Dr. Sirarat Morrarat, an internist specializing in brain and nervous system neurology, who has continued education in reading patient brain waves from Royal Children Hospital, Australia, provided interesting information that acute facial pain may be caused by abnormalities of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V). The pain usually occurs on one side of the face, often near the nose, lips, eyes, forehead, upper jaw, or inside the ear. Most patients mistakenly believe they have toothache and choose to take toothache medication. Some experience intermittent pain with chronic symptoms lasting for weeks, which affects daily life because they cannot avoid triggers such as touching, talking, chewing, or brushing teeth.
Who is at risk of “trigeminal nerve” abnormalities?
Facial pain from the trigeminal nerve is commonly found in the elderly, aged 50 and above, but can also occur in younger patients. The cause is pressure or irritation of the trigeminal nerve hidden inside the skull, which is responsible for facial sensation. The pain may be caused by an artery in the skull pressing close to the nerve root, a tumor near the nerve, or trauma to the trigeminal nerve. It can also result from demyelination disease or occur without a known cause. Diagnosis is made through medical history, physical examination, and X-rays, usually performed in patients suspected of brain abnormalities.
Treatment for trigeminal nerve abnormalities
Treatment for facial pain caused by trigeminal nerve abnormalities includes medication, with specialists selecting appropriate drugs based on the severity of the condition. If abnormalities require surgical correction, the doctor will provide detailed recommendations.
Dr. Sirarat also explained the side effects of medication, which may cause drowsiness and dizziness. Elderly patients starting medication may experience side effects during the first 3-4 days, which will gradually subside until the pain eventually decreases.
