Epilepsy, which many people often call “lunatic seizure,” is a condition caused by abnormalities in brain cells. When the electrical currents in the brain short-circuit, it results in nervous system dysfunction, causing loss of self-control or repeated seizures.
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder found in 70 out of 1,000 people. Although this proportion is not very high, there are risk factors that may increase in the future. It can occur in all genders and ages, especially in young children aged 4–6 years or elderly people with symptoms of dementia.
What causes epilepsy?
Besides brain abnormalities, causes of epilepsy include genetics, brain infections, oxygen deprivation, brain trauma from accidents, congenital brain abnormalities, brain tumors, brain hemorrhage or stroke, kidney disease, drug overdose, and chronic alcoholism.
Twitching, stiffness, unconsciousness
In the initial stage of epilepsy symptoms, when the patient loses self-control, seizures occur with twitching of the arms and legs, sometimes on one side. It may happen suddenly or intermittently, spreading to the hand or one side of the mouth. After regaining consciousness, the patient often feels confused or has memory loss for a period.
Epilepsy does not always involve stiffness or unconsciousness
The seizure patterns in patients vary depending on the symptoms displayed during the seizure. Patients may start by feeling stomach discomfort, smelling strange odors, or feeling fear without a known cause. If the autonomic nervous system malfunctions, it can cause the heart to beat very fast. In some cases, seizures or twitching may hardly be noticeable.
What should you do when you find a patient?
If you find a patient having a seizure, immediately lay the patient on their side to prevent choking on food debris entering the lungs. Then loosen their clothing and clear the area to make it open and comfortable for easier breathing. Do not put any objects in the patient’s mouth to prevent tongue biting, as this can injure the mouth and teeth or block the airway. If the patient is conscious, help them sit in a comfortable breathing position. Once they recover, urgently take them to the hospital.
How dangerous is epilepsy?
If the patient frequently shows symptoms and does not receive treatment, the abnormal electrical currents in the brain will cause the release of substances that damage brain cells. Over time, this may lead to brain tissue death and memory problems. Activities such as driving or swimming become dangerous and may lead to accidents. Therefore, patients should avoid driving or engaging in strenuous activities.
Epilepsy is not frightening or severe if treated correctly and promptly. It can be completely cured. It is best for anyone unsure to get checked or have close ones observe for abnormal symptoms to seek treatment immediately.
