The organ that supports body weight and assists in movement, such as the knee. Although it is the largest joint in the body, it also requires many precautions because various types of injuries can occur. Due to the complexity of the organ, which includes bones, joints, ligaments, and muscles working together systematically, if an injury occurs in any part and is left untreated, it may cause additional injuries to other parts.
What does the knee consist of?
The anatomical structure of our knee joint consists of the femur, tibia, and patella. The areas where these three bones meet are covered by articular cartilage and the synovial membrane. Additionally, the knee meniscus, which is wedge-shaped like a C-shaped horseshoe, is located on both the outer and inner sides. It functions to absorb shock on the knee surface, enhance stability, and help lubricate the joint surface more effectively.
What causes knee pain?
One cause of knee pain may be an injury to the knee meniscus. Pol. Col. Dr. Jiranthanin Rattanavarinchai, a physician at the Musculoskeletal Clinic Medical Center, Phyathai 3 Hospital, advises that injuries in this area often become apparent when the knee is twisting, being impacted, or bearing weight while bent. Common symptoms include pain, swelling, stiffness, knee locking or catching, inability to fully bend the knee, and in some cases, a sensation of the knee giving way.
How is it treated?
Initially, doctors will diagnose by taking a history and performing a physical examination, as well as using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which has an accuracy of 80–90%. Treatment plans depend on various factors. If the injury is minor or the tear is less than 1 centimeter and located in an area with blood supply that can heal on its own, doctors will recommend rest, cold compresses, medication, and physical therapy. However, if the injury is severe, surgery may be the treatment option, especially arthroscopic surgery, a modern medical technology that reduces procedures and shortens recovery time. It can be used to either repair the torn part or trim the damaged area.
Arthroscopic surgery: small incision, less pain
Arthroscopic surgery typically requires only 1–2 days of hospital recovery. Afterward, patients may use crutches for another 1–2 weeks. If the patient’s occupation does not require much walking or movement, they can return to work immediately while continuing physical therapy exercises as recommended by the doctor, which can be done at home independently.
