What is a c-section?
A C-section, short for cesarean section, is a surgical procedure used for delivering a baby. It can be planned ahead of time or become necessary during labor.
During a C-section, anesthesia medicines are administered to ensure you don’t feel any pain. The doctor makes an incision in your belly and safely removes the baby from the uterus.
In the United States, approximately 1 in 3 babies is born via C-section, also known as “cesarean delivery.”
Understanding anesthesia
Anesthesia refers to the various types of medicines administered before and during surgery or other procedures to ensure you don’t experience pain.
Anesthesiologists are the doctors responsible for administering anesthesia.
During a C-section, the goals of anesthesia are to keep both you and your baby comfortable and safe. The anesthesia medicines used during the procedure do not harm the baby.
What to expect before the surgery
If you have a planned C-section, your doctor or nurse will explain the entire process to you. They will provide instructions on how to prepare, including:
- Whether you should stop taking any medications before the surgery
- When to stop eating and drinking prior to the procedure
An anesthesiologist will:
- Ask you questions about your pregnancy, health conditions, past surgeries, and allergies
- Examine your mouth, throat, and airway
- Address any concerns or questions you may have
When it’s time for your C-section, a thin tube called an “IV” will be inserted into a vein by your doctor or nurse. The IV allows the administration of medicines before, during, and after the surgery.
Types of anesthesia for c-section
The type of anesthesia you receive depends on various factors. Most people opt for “regional” anesthesia, which prevents pain during the surgery while keeping you awake for the birth of your baby. The anesthesiologist will recommend the most suitable plan based on your situation, taking into account your and your baby’s health, as well as the expected duration of the C-section.
Your options may include:
- Regional anesthesia: This type of anesthesia numbs the lower half of your body, ensuring you don’t feel pain during the C-section. You will remain awake and aware of the procedure. The commonly used regional anesthesia for C-sections is “spinal” anesthesia, where a small needle is inserted into your lower back to administer medicine that numbs the spinal nerves. Another option is “epidural” anesthesia, involving the placement of a small tube (catheter) in your lower back for administering pain-blocking medicine. Sometimes, a combination of spinal and epidural anesthesia is used.
- General anesthesia: This type of anesthesia renders you unconscious, so you won’t feel, see, or hear anything during the surgery. The medication is typically delivered through an IV. Once you’re asleep, the anesthesiologist will carefully insert a tube in your throat to assist with breathing. The tube will be removed before you wake up. General anesthesia might be used if:
- You have a medical condition that makes regional anesthesia unsafe or risky.
- An emergency C-section is required, and there isn’t enough time for regional anesthesia.
- Regional anesthesia isn’t effective or doesn’t provide sufficient comfort for the surgery.
Post-surgery care
After your C-section, a nurse will monitor you until the effects of anesthesia wear off. Your experience will vary based on the type of anesthesia used:
- If you had regional anesthesia, you may continue to feel numbness in your lower body for a while. You will need to wait until the numbness subsides before getting out of bed.
- If you had general anesthesia, you may feel groggy for a short period after waking up. It’s common to have a sore throat temporarily. Nausea or vomiting may occur, but there are medications available to manage these symptoms.
Following the surgery, you can expect some pain around the incision area. Different pain medications can be administered alongside spinal or epidural anesthesia. You may also receive pain medication in the form of pills or through an IV.
Safety of breastfeeding after anesthesia
Yes, it is safe to breastfeed your baby after receiving anesthesia.
