What is elective eye surgery?
Elective eye surgery refers to surgeries that individuals choose to have. A common example is cataract treatment, which involves addressing the clouding of the eye lens that can cause vision problems. It’s important to distinguish elective eye surgery from urgent or emergency eye surgery, which is performed quickly to treat eye injuries.
What is anesthesia?
Anesthesia refers to various types of medication administered before and during surgery or other procedures. These medications are given to ensure that patients do not feel pain during the procedure. In some cases, such as when a patient is “put to sleep” for surgery, anesthesia medications also prevent them from remembering the procedure afterwards. Anesthesiologists, who are doctors specialized in anesthesia, administer these medications. Sometimes, nurse anesthetists, who have specific anesthesia training, are also involved.
What happens before my surgery?
Before your surgery, the anesthesiologist will explain the steps involved. You will also receive instructions regarding:
- Medications you should stop taking before the surgery
- When to stop eating and drinking prior to the surgery
The anesthesiologist will discuss anesthesia options for your surgery, based on the surgeon’s requirements and the type of procedure. They will:
- Ensure you can lie still and follow instructions during the surgery
- Ask about your health conditions, past surgeries, and medications
- Examine your eyes, mouth, throat, and airway
- Address any questions you may have
What type of anesthesia will i receive?
The type of anesthesia you receive will depend on the specific eye surgery you’re undergoing. Each type of anesthesia carries its own risks and benefits. Your anesthesiologist will explain how each type works and what you can expect. Your options may include:
- Local Anesthesia: This involves using medication, such as eye drops or gel, to numb your eye and prevent pain. The doctor may also administer additional medication via an injection into the eye. Local anesthesia is commonly used for cataract or glaucoma surgeries. If you undergo local anesthesia only, you will need to keep your eye and body still during the procedure, with assistance from your surgeon and anesthesiologist.
- Regional Anesthesia (Eye Block): This type of anesthesia involves injecting medication into your eye to block pain and restrict eye movement during surgery. Before the injection, you may receive sedatives to help you relax and feel sleepy. These sedatives are administered through a thin tube placed in a vein (IV).
- General Anesthesia: This anesthesia induces unconsciousness, ensuring you can’t feel, see, or hear anything during surgery. Some medications are given through an IV, while others are inhaled gases. In certain cases, a breathing tube might be inserted while you are asleep to assist with breathing. General anesthesia is less commonly used for elective eye surgery in adults, but it may be necessary for individuals who have difficulty lying on their back for extended periods or struggle to remain still during the procedure. It is typically employed for children requiring eye surgery.
Throughout the surgery, the anesthesiologist will closely monitor your anesthesia and make adjustments as necessary. They will also continuously assess your vital signs, including breathing, blood pressure, and heart rate.
What happens after my surgery?
After surgery, the anesthesiologist will monitor your recovery. Your post-surgery experience will vary based on the type of anesthesia used:
- If you had local or regional anesthesia, your eye may remain numb for a while. If you received sedatives, you may feel drowsy until their effects wear off.
- If you had general anesthesia, you may feel groggy and slightly confused upon waking up. If a breathing tube was
used, your throat may be mildly sore for about a day. You might also experience nausea or vomiting, which can be managed with appropriate medications.
You may experience some eye pain within the first day or so after surgery. Pain relievers like acetaminophen (Tylenol) can help alleviate this discomfort. Depending on the type of anesthesia, you might need to wear an eye patch for a day or two, and you may receive prescription eye drops to aid in the healing process.
Your doctor will provide instructions on when you can resume normal activities. They may advise you to avoid or limit eye-related activities such as reading, watching television, or driving. You will receive a contact number to reach out in case you encounter specific issues after returning home. Additionally, your eye doctor will discuss the timing of your follow-up appointment.
