Inability to enjoy sexual activity as desired is a common problem that men often face. Whenever you notice these warning signs, such as the inability to achieve a normal erection, an erection lasting only a short time, delayed or premature ejaculation, or even the inability to have sexual intercourse, it may indicate the onset of erectile dysfunction and deteriorating sexual health. This condition can worsen, so it is advisable to consult a doctor promptly.
What is Erectile Dysfunction?
Erectile dysfunction (ED) in men, medically known as “erectile dysfunction” (ED), is a condition where the penis cannot achieve a sufficient erection, cannot maintain an erection long enough during sexual intercourse, or cannot complete sexual activity. Although this condition is not very dangerous, it can lead to various problems such as sexual satisfaction, marital relationships, and even family issues.
Causes of Erectile Dysfunction in Men
The causes of erectile dysfunction usually involve a combination of physical diseases and psychological problems. The main cause is often insufficient blood flow to the penis. Typically, treatment begins with taking a medical history and physical examination. Once the suspected cause is identified, additional targeted tests may be conducted as deemed necessary by the doctor to obtain accurate information before starting treatment.
Who is at Risk of Erectile Dysfunction?
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- Age is a significant and unavoidable risk factor. As age increases, the likelihood of developing ED also increases. Statistics show that
- About 5% of men under 40 years old experience ED
- About 50% of men over 40 years old experience ED
- Social and economic conditions show that erectile dysfunction is more common among people with lower socioeconomic status.
- Having chronic or underlying diseases such as
- Cardiovascular disease, with heart disease being the most significant cause of severe ED, accounting for 13.2%
- Hypertension, which causes ED in 62% compared to those without hypertension, and 8-10% of diagnosed hypertensive patients already have ED
- Diabetes, which causes ED in 74.7% compared to those without diabetes
- Age is a significant and unavoidable risk factor. As age increases, the likelihood of developing ED also increases. Statistics show that
More importantly, those who have all three diseases together usually have ED in every case
- Those who have had previous surgeries, such as pelvic surgery, urethral surgery, or pelvic trauma, spinal cord injury
- Those with low male hormone levels
- Those taking certain medications
- Other behaviors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and lack of exercise
- Those with abnormal psychological conditions, especially depression. Studies show that 50-90% of people with depression have ED
Prevention of Erectile Dysfunction
Maintain good physical and mental health, get enough rest, exercise regularly, and avoid risk factors. This is essentially taking good care of overall health.
Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction
Treatment includes both non-medication and medication or device-assisted methods. Examples include:
- Using phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors as the first-line treatment for patients without contraindications (those contraindicated are patients treated with nitrate drugs). Common side effects include headache, visual disturbances, flushing, and muscle aches.
- Direct injection therapy into the penis. This medication dilates blood vessels to increase blood flow to the penis, causing an erection lasting 30-60 minutes.
- Urethral suppository treatment using the same medication as the injection but in a small pellet form inserted into the urethra. After massaging the penis for about 5-10 minutes, the medication is absorbed and induces an erection.
- Vacuum device therapy involves placing a vacuum cylinder over the penis. After pumping, air is removed from the plastic tube within 2-3 minutes, drawing blood into the penile tissue to cause an erection. Once fully erect, the vacuum cylinder is removed, and a rubber ring is placed at the base of the penis to maintain the erection.
- Surgical implantation of a penile prosthesis.
Erectile dysfunction is not unusual in older men, but age is not the main cause. About 75% of men with ED have underlying health problems, so it can also be found in younger men with hidden health issues.
Many men feel embarrassed to see a doctor, which causes missed opportunities for early treatment. The sooner treatment begins, the faster and better the recovery, improving the quality of life for both the individual and their partner.
The advantage of seeing a doctor is not only to treat erectile dysfunction but also to take care of other health aspects. Some patients with ED may have undiagnosed conditions such as vascular blockage that could lead to future heart disease. Therefore, sexual health care is not shameful and is a way to maintain good physical and mental health, happiness, and confidence.
Dr. Atiwut Kamutmas
Sexual Health Specialist
Sexual Health Center, Phyathai Nawamin Hospital
