Screening using 50 grams of glucose GCT (Glucose Challenge Test) is the first step in screening for gestational diabetes, which does not require fasting. The method involves consuming 50 grams of glucose, and after 1 hour, a blood test is performed to check the glucose level. If the result is more than 140 milligrams per deciliter, it indicates an abnormal result and further testing should be done by consuming 100 grams of glucose OGTT.
Screening using 100 grams of glucose OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test)
This is a diagnostic step to confirm gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM)
The procedure includes
- Blood draw after fasting for 8 hours (FBS: Fasting Blood Sugar)
- Consume 100 grams of glucose, usually mixed with lemon juice to reduce nausea and vomiting that may occur
- Blood draws are done at 1, 2, and 3 hours after glucose intake. If abnormal, treatment is given according to diagnosis. The normal glucose levels for diagnosis are 95, 180, 155, 140 mg/dl. If two or more values exceed the set criteria, gestational diabetes is diagnosed.
Classification and Severity Levels
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) can be divided into 2 types: GDM A1 and GDM A2 based on blood glucose levels
– GDM A1 has abnormalities in 2 out of 3 OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test) values and is usually treated with dietary control.
– GDM A2 requires treatment beyond dietary control, including the use of insulin to control blood glucose levels, and patients will be referred directly to a specialist**
Read more about Gestational Diabetes https://bit.ly/3bGKz95
