Our eyes, like any other organ, can deteriorate over time and with frequent use. Therefore, regular eye screening is essential to identify potential risks, just like with annual physical health check-ups.
The purpose of eye screening
The main goal of an eye screening is to detect common eye conditions that may lead to temporary or permanent vision loss. Some eye diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, might not show symptoms in the early stages. With the increasing use of digital devices like computers and smartphones, the risk of eye strain has grown. Additionally, behaviors like wearing cosmetic contact lenses can also increase risks.
Appropriate age for eye screening
People over 40 years of age should undergo regular eye screening, even if they don’t have symptoms or known risk factors. Many common eye issues, such as macular degeneration and various types of cataracts, begin around this age. Early detection helps prevent the progression of diseases that could lead to vision loss. Individuals with risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, a family history of eye diseases like glaucoma, or those who use contact lenses should start eye screening earlier.
Screening methods
- Optical coherence tomography (OCT): This method scans and analyzes different layers of the retina and optic nerve. It helps detect early signs of macular degeneration and other retinal issues.
- Visual field test: This assesses peripheral vision, which can be affected by conditions like glaucoma, where patients often lose side vision first.
- Corneal curvature test: This checks for abnormalities like keratoconus, where the cornea’s curvature is irregular, leading to vision loss.
- Eye refraction test: This is used to check for nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism, as well as retinal and optic nerve issues like glaucoma or diabetic retinopathy.
Preparation for an eye screening
- Remove soft contact lenses 3 days prior to the exam and hard lenses 7 days prior.
- Avoid wearing makeup, especially around the eyes.
- Bring your regular eyeglasses or contact lenses for comparison. After the exam, the doctor will provide the results and offer recommendations or treatment if any abnormalities are found.
