Postpartum depression has various causes, mainly due to hormonal changes that occur after childbirth, such as the decrease in estrogen and progesterone. Other factors include stress from childcare, changes in daily life, relationship problems, a history of depression before pregnancy, complications during pregnancy or childbirth, insufficient sleep, and lack of support from those around.
Symptoms of Depression
- Sadness, depression
- Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
- Loss of appetite or overeating
- Insomnia or excessive sleeping
- Fatigue or lack of energy
- Poor concentration and memory
- Feelings of guilt or worthlessness
- Thoughts of self-harm or suicide
- Specific symptoms of postpartum depression such as anxiety or fear about the baby, feeling detached from the baby, feelings of anger or irritability towards the baby
Postpartum depression can be treated by consulting a psychiatrist or specialist, taking medication, psychotherapy, and engaging in therapeutic activities. Additionally, support from family and friends is an important factor in mental health recovery.
Preventing Depression
- Preparing for parenthood
- Building a support network
- Caring for mental health before and after childbirth
Close people play an important role in caring for and supporting those with postpartum depression. They should show understanding and avoid blaming, help with childcare, encourage seeing a doctor if symptoms appear, listen without judgment, create a suitable and safe environment, and observe any worsening symptoms. Precautions include not blaming or criticizing, not trying to give advice or force activities the person does not want to do, and not leaving the patient alone for long periods. If severe symptoms occur, such as suicidal thoughts, take the person to see a doctor immediately.
It is recommended that close people observe symptoms such as changes in mood, sleep, thoughts about harming oneself or others, excessive worry or fear about the baby, physical symptoms like headaches, stomachaches, or rapid heartbeat. If depression symptoms worsen or do not improve within 2 weeks, the patient should be taken to see a psychiatrist immediately for proper diagnosis and treatment.
Managing postpartum depression requires cooperation from many parties, including close people and medical personnel, to help the patient regain good mental health and be able to care for the baby fully.
