An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a condition where the main artery in the abdomen becomes abnormally enlarged. Often symptomless in its early stages, AAA can go undetected until it becomes life-threatening. We aim to raise awareness about this silent yet serious condition and highlight EVAR (Endovascular Aortic Repair)—a modern, minimally invasive treatment that improves patient outcomes and recovery.
What Is an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA)?
AAA refers to an abnormal bulging or dilation of the abdominal aorta, the largest blood vessel in the body. This occurs due to weakening and degeneration of the vessel wall. As the aneurysm grows, it increases the risk of rupture, which can cause sudden internal bleeding and may be fatal if not treated urgently.
Symptoms to Watch For
In most cases, AAA is discovered incidentally during routine health screenings or imaging studies (such as ultrasound, CT, or MRI) for other conditions. However, advanced or larger aneurysms may present symptoms such as:
- Persistent or sudden abdominal or back pain, often deep and stabbing in nature
- A pulsating mass in the abdomen, especially near the navel
- In severe or ruptured cases: sharp abdominal pain, dizziness, rapid heartbeat, fainting, or shock due to internal bleeding
If you experience these symptoms—especially with known risk factors—seek medical attention immediately.
Who Is at Risk for AAA?
- Men are 4–6 times more likely than women
- Age 65 and above
- Atherosclerosis (plaque buildup in arteries)
- High blood pressure
- Family history of AAA
- Smokers or regular exposure to secondhand smoke
- Connective tissue disorders (e.g., Marfan syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos)
- Rare infections such as syphilis or bacterial/fungal infections
Diagnosis and Monitoring
For small aneurysms with no severe symptoms, treatment focuses on regular monitoring using ultrasound or CT scans, along with managing risk factors like blood pressure, cholesterol, and smoking cessation.
When Is Treatment Necessary?
Treatment is typically considered when:
- Aneurysm size exceeds 5–5.5 cm
- It grows rapidly
- The patient has other vascular complications or weakened vessel walls
Symptoms suggest an impending rupture
Endovascular Aortic Repair (EVAR): A Safer Alternative to Open Surgery
EVAR is a minimally invasive procedure in which a stent graft is inserted through the femoral artery (in the groin) and guided to the aneurysm site using imaging techniques.
Procedure Steps
- The patient is placed under anesthesia.
- A small incision is made in the groin to access the artery.
- A catheter with the endovascular stent graft is inserted and guided to the aneurysm.
- Once in position, the stent is expanded to reinforce the artery wall and redirect blood flow away from the aneurysm.
- After confirming proper placement and no leakage, the catheter is removed and the incision is closed.
- The patient is monitored during recovery for any complications.
Benefits of EVAR
- Minimally invasive: no large abdominal incision
- Less blood loss and reduced need for transfusions
- Faster recovery: most patients stay in the hospital 1–2 days and resume normal activities in 1–2 weeks
- Lower infection risk and fewer anesthesia-related complications
- Ideal for elderly patients or those with underlying conditions such as heart disease or diabetes
- Durable results comparable to open surgery
Limitations and Follow-Up
- Not suitable for patients with complex or severely curved arteries
- Requires regular post-operative imaging (CT or ultrasound) to ensure the stent graft remains in place and leak-free
- About 5–10% of cases may experience endoleak (blood leaking back into the aneurysm), which might require additional treatment
Comprehensive Care at Phyathai 2 Hospital
At Phyathai 2 Hospital, we understand the importance of early detection and personalized treatment. Our commitment to Value Health Care ensures that each patient receives the most effective and efficient care—whether through close monitoring or advanced interventions like EVAR.
Our services go beyond just medical treatment. We offer:
- Private nursing care
- Personalized in-room dining
- Comfortable patient accommodations
- Transportation services for added convenience
If you’re concerned about your risk or wish to explore your treatment options, visit the Heart Center at Phyathai 2 Hospital for expert consultation and compassionate care that puts your health first.
